habari gani
Kwanzaa is a weekly celebration held in the United States around the world, honoring African heritage and culture, featuring participants irradiation Kinara (Candleholder). [1] This followed from December 26 to January 1 of each year, especially in the United States.
Kwanzaa consists of seven days of celebration, featuring activities such as candle-lighting and libations, and culminating in a feast and gifts. It was created by Ron Karenga, and was first known from 26 December 1966 to 1 January 1967.R
on Karenga created Kwanzaa in 1966 as the first African American holiday specific. [2] Although historically African American Juneteenth holiday has become famous since 1867 [3] Karenga said his goal is "to give blacks an alternative to the existing holiday and give Blacks an opportunity to celebrate themselves and history, rather than just imitate the practices of the dominant society." [4] name Kwanzaa comes from the Swahili phrase Matunda and Kwanza, or the first fruits of the harvest. [5] Selection Swahili, East African language, reflects its status as a symbol of pan-Africanism, especially in 1960.
Kwanzaa is a celebration that has its origins in the black nationalist movement in 1960, and was founded as a way to help African Americans back to their African cultural and historical heritage by uniting in meditation and study of African traditions and common Humanist principles.
First Kwanzaa stamp was issued United States Postal Service, 22 October 1997, with drawings by Synthia Saint James. [6] In 2004, the second Kwanzaa stamp, designed by Daniel Minter given, it has seven figures in colorful dress symbolizes the seven principles. [7]
During the first year of Kwanzaa, Karenga said that should be an alternative to Christmas, that Jesus was psychotic and Christianity is a religion that black white people should avoid. [8] However, as Kwanzaa gained adherents primary, Karenga changed its position can not be stolen practicing Christians, and then says Kwanzaa 1997: Celebration of Family, Community and Culture, "Kwanzaa was not created by people an alternative to their own religion or religious holiday." [9 ]
Origin of Kwanzaa are confidential and intended openly support leave days. [10] Many African American Christians to celebrate Kwanzaa and Christmas in addition to observation. [Edit]
Kwanzaa Principles
Kwanzaa celebrates what its founder called seven principles of Kwanzaa or Nguz Saba (originally Nguzu-Saba seven principles of darkness), which Karenga said: "It is the African philosophy of community" consisting of what Karenga called the "best of African thought and practice in constant exchange in the world. " seven principles are Kawaida, Swahili term for tradition and reason. Each of the seven days of Kwanzaa focuses on one of the following principles are:
* Umoja (Unity) and seek to maintain unity in the family, community, nation and race.
* Kujichagulia (Self-Determination) To define ourselves, name themselves, to create for themselves and speak for themselves.
* Takes (collective work and responsibility) to build and maintain our community together and make our brothers 'and sister's problems' our problems and solve them together.
* Ujamaa (cooperative economics) to build and maintain their own stores, shops and other businesses and income from them together.
* NIA (Purpose): To work together in our mission of building and development of our society that our people to their traditional size.
* Kuumbi (Creativity) To do always as we in any way we can leave our community more beautiful and more useful than we inherited it.
* Imani (Faith) To believe with all my heart in our people, our parents, our teachers, our leaders and the righteousness and victory of our struggle.
Popularity
In his 2004 presidential Kwanzaa message, George W. Bush said: "Kwanzaa millions of African Americans and people of African descent gather to celebrate their heritage and ancestors. Kwanzaa celebration provides an opportunity to focus on the importance of family, community and history and reflect on Saba and Nguz seven principles of African culture. principles emphasize unity, self determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. "[11]
In 2004, BIG Research conducted a survey on the market in the U.S. for the National Foundation, which found that 1.6% of respondents planned to celebrate Kwanzaa. If the general U.S. population as a whole, it will mean that about 4.7 million Americans plan to celebrate Kwanzaa in the year. [12] In a speech in 2006, Ron Karenga says that 28 million people celebrate Kwanzaa. He always claimed that it is known throughout the world. [1] Lee D. Baker states the number to 12 million. [13] African American Cultural Center claims 30 million [5].
According to Keith Mayes, author of Kwanzaa: Black Power and fabrication of Afro-American holiday tradition, the popularity in the U.S., "stabilized" as the Black Power movement and decreases with ranges between half and two million people celebrate Kwanzaa in the United States, or between one and five percent of African Americans. Mayes adds that white institutions now celebrate. [14]
LocationAfrica.png
Pan-African topics
General
Pan-Africanism
Afro-Asian
Afro-Latino
African American
Kwanzaa
Colonialism
Africa
Maaf
Blacks
African Philosophy
Black conservatism
Black leftism
Black Nationalism
Black Orientalism
Afrocentrism
African Topics
Arts
FESPACO
African Art
Paff
People
George Padmore
Walter Rodney
Patrice Lumumba
Thomas Sankara
Frantz Fanon
Chinweizu Ibekwe
Molefi Kete Asante
Ahmed Sékou Touré
Kwame Nkrumah
Marcus Garvey
Nnamdi Azikiwe
Malcolm X
W. E. B. Du Bois
C. L. R. James
Cheikh Anta Diop
This box: view • talk • edit
Compliance
Families celebrating Kwanzaa decorate the home with art, colorful African Kent substance as such, especially women wearing kaftans, and fresh fruits that represent African idealism. It is customary to include children in Kwanzaa ceremonies and to give respect and gratitude to ancestors. Libations are shared, generally have a common cup, Kikombe cha Umoja, walked around all the ceremony. Non-African Americans also celebrate Kwanzaa. [14] This holiday greeting is "a joyous Kwanzaa." [11] [15] [16]
Festive Kwanzaa may contain a selection of drum music, libations, a reading of African commitment to the principle of darkness, the reflections on the pan-African colors, a discussion of the principles of African days, or chapter in the history of Africa, the candle-lighting ritual, any transaction, and finally, a feast (Karama ). Greeting for each day of Kwanzaa were Gani News? [17], which is Swahili "What's new?" [18]
Initially, observers avoid mixing Kwanzaa holiday or its symbols, values, training and other officials, because it would be contrary to the principle of Kujichagulia (self-determination), and violate the integrity of Malthus holiday, which is partly used as a major regeneration of the African values. Today, many African American families celebrate Kwanzaa along with Christmas and New Year. Often, as Christmas trees and kinaras, a traditional candle holder symbolizing African American origin, the proportion of space Kwanzaa-celebrating households. To them, Kwanzaa is the ability to incorporate elements of their ethnic heritage in holiday traditions and celebrations of Christmas.
Cultural exhibitions include the Spirit of Kwanzaa, the festival held in the John F. Kennedy Center for the Arts an interpretive dance, African dance, songs and poetry. [19] [20]
Evolution in Kwanzaa's observance
In 1977, in Kwanzaa: origin, concepts, practice, Karenga Kwanzaa said that "was chosen to Black alternative to the existing holiday and give Blacks an opportunity to celebrate themselves and history, rather than just imitate the customs of the dominant company." [21]
In 1997, Karenga and community change, suggesting that while Kwanzaa is an African-American holiday, you are known by people regardless of race: "Other people can do, and celebrate how different people participate in Cinco de Mayo than Mexicans, Chinese New Year in addition to Chinese, Indian pow Wows the Indians. "[22] [dubious - discussion]
At present, according to official Kwanzaa website (written by Karenga and maintained by the organization in the U.S., Karenga Which seats), "Kwanzaa was not created to provide people an alternative to their own religion or religious holiday. This is not an alternative to people or religious beliefs, but common ground of African culture ... Kwanzaa is not a reaction or substitute for anything. Actually, it gives a clear and modest possibilities, opportunities, and the opportunity to select an active, self-positive and choosing, as opposed to a reactive one. "[23]
Karenga recent interpretation emphasizes that while each person has their own holiday traditions, may all people to celebrate our common humanity: "Everyone is good news especially for a particular person, if one is in its content and its ethical basis, not just talking to people , speaks to the world.
Kwanzaa is a weekly celebration held in the United States around the world, honoring African heritage and culture, featuring participants irradiation Kinara (Candleholder). [1] This followed from December 26 to January 1 of each year, especially in the United States.
Kwanzaa consists of seven days of celebration, featuring activities such as candle-lighting and libations, and culminating in a feast and gifts. It was created by Ron Karenga, and was first known from 26 December 1966 to 1 January 1967.R
on Karenga created Kwanzaa in 1966 as the first African American holiday specific. [2] Although historically African American Juneteenth holiday has become famous since 1867 [3] Karenga said his goal is "to give blacks an alternative to the existing holiday and give Blacks an opportunity to celebrate themselves and history, rather than just imitate the practices of the dominant society." [4] name Kwanzaa comes from the Swahili phrase Matunda and Kwanza, or the first fruits of the harvest. [5] Selection Swahili, East African language, reflects its status as a symbol of pan-Africanism, especially in 1960.Kwanzaa is a celebration that has its origins in the black nationalist movement in 1960, and was founded as a way to help African Americans back to their African cultural and historical heritage by uniting in meditation and study of African traditions and common Humanist principles.
First Kwanzaa stamp was issued United States Postal Service, 22 October 1997, with drawings by Synthia Saint James. [6] In 2004, the second Kwanzaa stamp, designed by Daniel Minter given, it has seven figures in colorful dress symbolizes the seven principles. [7]
During the first year of Kwanzaa, Karenga said that should be an alternative to Christmas, that Jesus was psychotic and Christianity is a religion that black white people should avoid. [8] However, as Kwanzaa gained adherents primary, Karenga changed its position can not be stolen practicing Christians, and then says Kwanzaa 1997: Celebration of Family, Community and Culture, "Kwanzaa was not created by people an alternative to their own religion or religious holiday." [9 ]
Origin of Kwanzaa are confidential and intended openly support leave days. [10] Many African American Christians to celebrate Kwanzaa and Christmas in addition to observation. [Edit]
Kwanzaa Principles
Kwanzaa celebrates what its founder called seven principles of Kwanzaa or Nguz Saba (originally Nguzu-Saba seven principles of darkness), which Karenga said: "It is the African philosophy of community" consisting of what Karenga called the "best of African thought and practice in constant exchange in the world. " seven principles are Kawaida, Swahili term for tradition and reason. Each of the seven days of Kwanzaa focuses on one of the following principles are:
* Umoja (Unity) and seek to maintain unity in the family, community, nation and race.
* Kujichagulia (Self-Determination) To define ourselves, name themselves, to create for themselves and speak for themselves.
* Takes (collective work and responsibility) to build and maintain our community together and make our brothers 'and sister's problems' our problems and solve them together.
* Ujamaa (cooperative economics) to build and maintain their own stores, shops and other businesses and income from them together.
* NIA (Purpose): To work together in our mission of building and development of our society that our people to their traditional size.
* Kuumbi (Creativity) To do always as we in any way we can leave our community more beautiful and more useful than we inherited it.
* Imani (Faith) To believe with all my heart in our people, our parents, our teachers, our leaders and the righteousness and victory of our struggle.
Popularity
In his 2004 presidential Kwanzaa message, George W. Bush said: "Kwanzaa millions of African Americans and people of African descent gather to celebrate their heritage and ancestors. Kwanzaa celebration provides an opportunity to focus on the importance of family, community and history and reflect on Saba and Nguz seven principles of African culture. principles emphasize unity, self determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. "[11]
In 2004, BIG Research conducted a survey on the market in the U.S. for the National Foundation, which found that 1.6% of respondents planned to celebrate Kwanzaa. If the general U.S. population as a whole, it will mean that about 4.7 million Americans plan to celebrate Kwanzaa in the year. [12] In a speech in 2006, Ron Karenga says that 28 million people celebrate Kwanzaa. He always claimed that it is known throughout the world. [1] Lee D. Baker states the number to 12 million. [13] African American Cultural Center claims 30 million [5].
According to Keith Mayes, author of Kwanzaa: Black Power and fabrication of Afro-American holiday tradition, the popularity in the U.S., "stabilized" as the Black Power movement and decreases with ranges between half and two million people celebrate Kwanzaa in the United States, or between one and five percent of African Americans. Mayes adds that white institutions now celebrate. [14]
LocationAfrica.png
Pan-African topics
General
Pan-Africanism
Afro-Asian
Afro-Latino
African American
Kwanzaa
Colonialism
Africa
Maaf
Blacks
African Philosophy
Black conservatism
Black leftism
Black Nationalism
Black Orientalism
Afrocentrism
African Topics
Arts
FESPACO
African Art
Paff
People
George Padmore
Walter Rodney
Patrice Lumumba
Thomas Sankara
Frantz Fanon
Chinweizu Ibekwe
Molefi Kete Asante
Ahmed Sékou Touré
Kwame Nkrumah
Marcus Garvey
Nnamdi Azikiwe
Malcolm X
W. E. B. Du Bois
C. L. R. James
Cheikh Anta Diop
This box: view • talk • edit
Compliance
Families celebrating Kwanzaa decorate the home with art, colorful African Kent substance as such, especially women wearing kaftans, and fresh fruits that represent African idealism. It is customary to include children in Kwanzaa ceremonies and to give respect and gratitude to ancestors. Libations are shared, generally have a common cup, Kikombe cha Umoja, walked around all the ceremony. Non-African Americans also celebrate Kwanzaa. [14] This holiday greeting is "a joyous Kwanzaa." [11] [15] [16]
Festive Kwanzaa may contain a selection of drum music, libations, a reading of African commitment to the principle of darkness, the reflections on the pan-African colors, a discussion of the principles of African days, or chapter in the history of Africa, the candle-lighting ritual, any transaction, and finally, a feast (Karama ). Greeting for each day of Kwanzaa were Gani News? [17], which is Swahili "What's new?" [18]
Initially, observers avoid mixing Kwanzaa holiday or its symbols, values, training and other officials, because it would be contrary to the principle of Kujichagulia (self-determination), and violate the integrity of Malthus holiday, which is partly used as a major regeneration of the African values. Today, many African American families celebrate Kwanzaa along with Christmas and New Year. Often, as Christmas trees and kinaras, a traditional candle holder symbolizing African American origin, the proportion of space Kwanzaa-celebrating households. To them, Kwanzaa is the ability to incorporate elements of their ethnic heritage in holiday traditions and celebrations of Christmas.
Cultural exhibitions include the Spirit of Kwanzaa, the festival held in the John F. Kennedy Center for the Arts an interpretive dance, African dance, songs and poetry. [19] [20]
Evolution in Kwanzaa's observance
In 1977, in Kwanzaa: origin, concepts, practice, Karenga Kwanzaa said that "was chosen to Black alternative to the existing holiday and give Blacks an opportunity to celebrate themselves and history, rather than just imitate the customs of the dominant company." [21]
In 1997, Karenga and community change, suggesting that while Kwanzaa is an African-American holiday, you are known by people regardless of race: "Other people can do, and celebrate how different people participate in Cinco de Mayo than Mexicans, Chinese New Year in addition to Chinese, Indian pow Wows the Indians. "[22] [dubious - discussion]
At present, according to official Kwanzaa website (written by Karenga and maintained by the organization in the U.S., Karenga Which seats), "Kwanzaa was not created to provide people an alternative to their own religion or religious holiday. This is not an alternative to people or religious beliefs, but common ground of African culture ... Kwanzaa is not a reaction or substitute for anything. Actually, it gives a clear and modest possibilities, opportunities, and the opportunity to select an active, self-positive and choosing, as opposed to a reactive one. "[23]
Karenga recent interpretation emphasizes that while each person has their own holiday traditions, may all people to celebrate our common humanity: "Everyone is good news especially for a particular person, if one is in its content and its ethical basis, not just talking to people , speaks to the world.
